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Technoeconomic Assessment of Hydrothermal Liquefaction Oil from Lignin

Technoeconomic Assessment of Hydrothermal Liquefaction Oil from Lignin

Lignin is a by-product of the Kraft pulping process and is typically burned for energy within the pulp and paper mill plant. Due to energy efficiency measures in Kraft pulp mills, its availability has recently greatly increased. This surplus lignin provides a readily available feedstock for conversion into a phenolic-rich bio-oil via hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL).

Let’s Get Connected: Understanding Braided River Morphodynamics

There are striking similarities between the structure of natural river networks and others found in systems as diverse as brains, roads and the communication technologies. Using a series of examples, the authors illustrate how a suite of graph theory-based metrics derived from diverse disciplines can be used to provide new insights into the structure and kinematics of braided river networks.